Quality of life after sphincter preservation surgery or abdominoperineal resection for low rectal cancer (ASPIRE): A long-term prospective, multicentre, cohort study

Global QOL62•0 (19•2)58•7 (19•6)65•5 (18•1)60•6 (19•6)64•2 (18•0)57•7 (17•4)4•2 (−1•3 to 9•7)0•1316Functional scalesPhysical functioning91•1 (11•8)84•2 (14•5)90•9 (12•5)84•1 (15•0)90•2 (14•0)83•7 (18•3)3•8 (−1•6 to 9•2)0•1707Role functioning88•0 (19•9)79•0 (23•4)86•8 (19•3)79•5 (24•6)85•9 (19•7)79•3 (23•3)2•8 (−3•9 to 9•6)0•4148Emotional functioning80•8 (19•9)77•7 (18•7)81•8 (18•0)77•1 (27•0)79•3 (19•5)75•5 (21•8)2•4 (−3•7 to 8•5)0•4348Social functioning76•7 (22•8)72•7 (23•5)78•0 (21•4)71•5 (26•9)77•4 (22•6)72•2 (25•5)2•2 (−5•1 to 9•4)0•5563Cognitive functioning85•5 (16•2)85•4 (15•1)84•3 (16•3)82•4 (16•0)82•5 (19•4)79•3 (18•0)1•2 (−3•9 to 6•3)0•6539Symptom scalesPain11•8 (18•2)9•6 (14•3)9•9 (17•7)9•3 (16•3)8•3 (17•6)10•8 (17•2)−0•2 (−5•7 to 5•3)0•9489Fatigue18•6 (17•7)21•4 (16•7)16•3 (16•5)19•9 (16•2)15•6 (16•0)21•0 (20•7)−3•5 (−9•5 to 2•5)0•2547Nausea and vomiting3•1 (8•9)3•8 (11•3)1•6 (5•6)3•5 (8•3)2•7 (9•9)5•3 (17•4)−2•7 (−7•8 to 2•4)0•3051Appetite loss7•2 (16•5)6•6 (14•6)5•0 (13•4)8•3 (18•5)3•4 (11•6)7•4 (17•9)−1•6 (−7•0 to 3•8)0•5607Constipation8•4 (20•3)7•1 (18•0)12•3 (20•9)3•9 (10•8)11•1 (19•8)10•5 (22•3)2•1 (−4•6 to 8•9)0•5340Diarrhoea18•7 (27•0)9•1 (16•1)17•5 (23•1)13•5 (23•1)16•8 (22•6)11•7 (17•3)7•8 (2•2 to 13•5)0•0067Dyspnoea6•3 (14•8)10•1 (20•2)5•4 (13•1)10•3 (18•1)5•1 (13•7)9•9 (19•0)−3•0 (−8•7 to 2•7)0•2995Insomnia18•2 (25•8)15•2 (19•6)21•4 (26•0)21•2 (26•4)15•9 (23•2)22•8 (25•8)−3•8 (−11•8 to 4•1)0•3466Financial difficulties23•8 (25•2)27•8 (27•8)20•2 (21•3)27•6 (27•0)22•3 (24•5)28•4 (26•2)−3•9 (−11•6 to 3•8)0•3223