Why Organic Food? Factors Influence the Organic Food Purchase Intension in an Emerging Country (Study from Northern Part of Bangladesh)

Consumers are more interested in buying natural, hormone-free, and antibiotic-free food because they care about their health and the environment [ 90 ]. Due to a growing population, the food market is becoming larger day by day. More people are consuming organic fish, more people are aware of how important it is to keep their bodies in good shape, and the price of fish in other countries has gone up. Consumers have got to see the practice of organic farming as making food that meets their needs. Ecological succession has been used in aquaculture to help organic fish farming [ 91 ]. According to the practice of organic aquaculture, the majority of fish can be grown in both brackish and marine water [ 51 53 ]. Because of these farming opportunities, organic aquaculture food production around the world rose by more than 415 thousand metric tons in 2016 [ 4 95 ]. However, organic aquaculture products still have a small share of the market [ 95 96 ]. There has not been a lot of detailed research on how people can tell the difference between conventionally and organically farmed products from different sources. Globally, demand for aquaculture products is increasing. The availability of commercial and technical prospects has made the growth of fish farming a very important subject. People in Asia grow a lot of fish and shrimp. The top four producers are China, India, Vietnam, and Bangladesh. Since Bangladesh is an agricultural and a riverine country, organic food businesses have a lot of chances to make a lot of money [ 97 98 ]. In addition, Bangladesh’s location and culture also make it more likely to back fisheries and aquaculture. Aquaculture products are used by Bangladeshis to get the nutrition and protein they need. In the last few years, they have become richer and more educated, with development and issues of safety becoming major issues. Because organic food is thought to be healthy and safe, the demand for organic foods in urban areas has risen. The number of organic food producers, including those who grow farmed food, is not growing quickly enough to keep up with the demand for organic food [ 99 104 ].

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In the last few years, both the EU and the USA have seen huge increases in the amount of organic food they make. Researchers looked at how 1,325,435 Instagram users from all over the world responded to posts about organic food. The information was collected from 4 July 2016 to 19 April 2017. They found the three most important hashtag areas (healthy, vegan, and clean food). The sentiment analysis showed that the #organicfood hashtag was mostly about three things (taste, feelings, and appearance). The cluster analysis revealed six areas: healthy living, raw diets, clean eating, vegetarian, vegan, and active healthy living [ 105 ]. In Switzerland and Hungary, the researchers utilized four distinct approaches to track the progression of consumers of varying ages toward more environmentally friendly food options. This study revealed that, in order to attain sustainability, it will not be difficult for Switzerland to alter the eating habits of its people; on the other hand, Hungary will have to resort to the use of rules and regulations. Even while Hungarians are concerned about climate change and the quality of their water, similar to Swiss people, Hungarians over the age of fifty are more price sensitive. A step in the right direction toward achieving sustainability in Hungary may be to introduce a tax on foods [ 106 ]. In the Italian market, where goods come from is very important to customers [ 107 ]. The market for organic food in Romania is following a favorable trajectory, despite the fact that the country’s consumption rate is still rather low in comparison with that of the European Union [ 108 ]. Consumers in Mexico had the highest purchase intention for organic food items when their desire to acquire them to accomplish a goal linked with social, personal, and environmental advantages intervened in their decision-making process. This finding was found across all age groups [ 109 ]. The attitudes and levels of the environmental concern of customers have a direct impact on the likelihood of their purchasing organic food [ 110 ]. Consumers also show that they are willing to pay more for products that are good for the environment if they can show where they came from or how they do not have as many negative effects on the environment. Another important factor in learning about a product is having it certified. The availability of food certification information (organic food or the source of a product) will lead to more final demand [ 111 114 ]. The main thing that makes people want to buy natural food is because it is good for health [ 115 ]. This has been mostly seen when people eat organic food. Also, it has been said that people who are concerned about their health might want to buy more environmentally friendly products [ 116 ]. The intention to buy organic food is positively impacted by environmental consciousness. This conclusion implies that customers are concerned with environmental issues and consider how such issues may affect their purchasing decisions. Consumers who care about the environment may believe that by buying more green items, businesses will be encouraged to spend more time and money developing environmentally friendly products and safeguarding the environment [ 117 ]. There is more benefit to having a health and carbon logo together than there is to having separate logos or no logo at all [ 118 ]. Sustainability is another important factor in how people think about food. In recent years, a lot of literature has talked about the “ethical consumer,” who shows that they care about society by what they buy [ 119 120 ]. Research shows that a lot of people are willing to pay more for products that are good for the environment [ 121 ]. Consumers were more likely to buy them if they were also labeled as coming from a nearby source when it came to products with a lower carbon footprint [ 122 ]. The brand is also very important when it comes to influencing SC. Brand differences play a role in determining how people feel about new ingredients in products [ 123 ]. Another thing that comes up in sustainable consumption literature is the desire for organic food [ 124 ]. According to the literature, people want organic food because it has less of an impact on the environment, especially in Northern Europe [ 125 ]. People who buy organic food are more likely to think that it has less of an impact on the environment than people who buy Waste-To-Value (WTV) goods. This is because there is a positive and growing trend in bio-food consumption. Nutrition data is something that most people are interested in. Nutrition information has been found to change the value of products and make people more willing to pay for better results in a number of studies [ 126 ]. Consumer concerns about sustainability, labels, and nutritional information play a role in respondents’ choices [ 127 ]. Because the foods that will be studied in this article also have more nutrition, it seemed beneficial to see if this might make people more likely to buy them. Finally, this study will assess how big an impact gender has on the likelihood of people buying food that is good for the environment. Women have a better understanding and are more likely to get sick from food than men [ 128 129 ]. There is a connection between people who buy organic food and people who want to keep things recycled. However, the way the customer thinks about the product changes based on their age. With regards to organic food, young people have had a lot of experience. Cities in Hungary have the right attitude about eating organic food and are most aware of the circular economy [ 130 ]. This is what some people in Hungary do: they buy organic food and follow the latest trends. The factors that make a group want to eat organic food include how fresh the food is, how healthy their diet is, and how trustworthy they are. Because some food has harmful ingredients, health benefits are the most important thing [ 131 ].